Abstract
In this article, I presented a comparative and critical analysis of the Arab legal system, aiming to understand its normative structure, historical evolution, and relevance in the international context. Based on a rigorous methodological approach, I examined the sources of law—including Sharia, statutory legislation, jurisprudence, and custom—as well as the institutional configurations of representative countries such as Egypt, Morocco, and Saudi Arabia. I addressed contemporary legal reforms in the areas of family, gender, and human rights, highlighting the tensions between Islamic tradition and legal modernity, as well as the challenges faced in harmonizing legal systems with international standards. I contributed to the debate on legal pluralism, representative justice, and legitimacy in global governance by proposing a contextualized and non-Eurocentric reading of comparative law. Among the main contributions of this work, I emphasized the articulation of theoretical frameworks with indexed sources, the integration of diverse legal experiences, and the projection of proposals to strengthen the normative agency of the Arab world in multilateral arenas. I directed this study toward researchers, jurists, and diplomats interested in institutional transformation, international legal cooperation, and the reform of the global legal order from a critical and pluralistic perspective.
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